backward

adjective
🔊/ˈbækwəd/
🔊/ˈbækwərd/
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  1. [only before noun] directed or moving towards the back向后的;朝后的
    • She strode past him without a backward glance.她大步从他身边走过,都没有回头瞧他一眼。🔊🔊
  2. moving in a direction that means that no progress is being made倒退的;反向的 synonym retrograde
    • She felt that going back to live in her home town would be a backward step.她觉得回到家乡生活就是没出息。🔊🔊
  3. having made less progress than normal; developing slowly落后的;进步缓慢的
    • a backward part of the country, with no paved roads and no electricity该国的一个落后地区,没有铺设马路也没有电力
    • a backward child迟钝儿童
    • (British English, informal) She's not backward in coming forward (= she's not shy).她勇敢地站出来。🔊🔊
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryverbs
    • be
    • seem
    adverb
    • extremely
    • fairly
    • very
    See full entry
  4. compare forward
    Word OriginMiddle English: from earlier abackward, from aback.

backward

adverb
🔊/ˈbækwəd/
🔊/ˈbækwərd/
(especially North American English)
(also backwards British and North American English)
Idioms
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  1. towards a place or position that is behind倒退的;反向的
    • I lost my balance and fell backward.我失去了平衡,跌倒了。
    • He took a step backward.他向后退了一步。
    • I stumbled backward and fell. 我跌跌撞撞跌倒了。
    opposite forward (1)
  2. in the opposite direction to the usual one向后的;朝后的
    • In the movie they take a journey backward through time.在电影中,他们穿越时光倒流。
    • ‘Evil’ spelled backward is ‘live’.向后拼写的“邪恶”是“活着的”。
    • I felt as though time had stopped and clocks had gone backward.我感觉好像时间已经停止,时钟倒退了。
  3. towards a worse state向后的;朝后的
    • I felt that going to live with my parents would be a step backward.我觉得和父母住在一起会倒退一步。
    opposite forward (3)
  4. (North American English)
    (British English back to front)
    if you put on a piece of clothing backward, you make a mistake and put the back where the front should be (衣服)前后颠倒(或前后穿反)
  5. Word OriginMiddle English: from earlier abackward, from aback.
Idioms
backward and forward
  1. from one place or position to another and back again many times来来回回
    • She rocked backward and forward on her chair.她在椅子上前后摇摆。
    • The film skips backward and forward through time.电影在时间上向前和向后跳跃。
bend/lean over backward (to do something)
  1. to make a great effort, especially in order to be helpful or fair尽力;竭力
    • I've bent over backward to help him.我向后弯下腰来帮助他。
know somebody/something backwards
  1. (informal, especially British English) to know somebody/something extremely well对…了如指掌(或倒背如流);把…背得滚瓜烂熟
    • She must know the play backward by now.她必须知道现在的倒退。